Fuel-economizer



UNITED STATES PATENT OEEICE.

LOUIS J. HIRT, OF SOMERVILLE, ASSIGN OR TO HENRY W. PEABODY da CO.,

OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS. y

FU EL-ECONOMIZER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of LettersPatent No. 518,718, dated April 24, 1894.

Application iiledMay 9, 1893. Serial No. 473,518. (No model.) l

.To al@ whom t may-concern: sustaining the pipesand upper headers, sub- B e 1t known that I, LOUIS J. HIRT, of Somstantially as will be described. erville, county of Middlesex, State of Massa- Other features of my invention will be llerechusetts, have invented an Improvement in inafter described and particularly pointed out 55 5 Fuel-Economizers, of which the following dein the claims.

scriptiomin connection with the accompany- Figure 1 in side elevation represents a fuel lng drawings, is a specification, like letters economizer 'embodying my invention, and and figures on the drawings representing like partly broken out, the masonry being in SecpItS- tion. Fig. 2, is an end elevation thereof, 6o xo Fuel economizers as commonly constructed broken out to show the interior arrangement, consist of a series of parallel and usually verthe masonry being omitted. Fig. 3 is a top tical pipes connected at their opposite ends view of the apparatus shown in Figs. l and 2; to continuous headers or boxes, and arranged `and Fig. 4 is a modification to be described. side by side in ranks or rows. The upper I have herein shown in Fig. 2, the lower 65 header of one rank or row is connected at one headers o. as seven in number, the bottom of end with the upper header of the rank at one each inclining from the ends toward the censide, while the lower header is connected at ter, as shown in Fig. 1, and divided by partiitsopposite end with the adjacent header of tions a into aseries of chambers b, see full the rank at the other side, and so throughout and dotted lines in Fig. l, the vertical pipes 7o zo the entire battery, in order that the fluid to c, c fitting into openings in the tops of said be heated shall traverse each rank" in turn, headers, and as herein shown two pipes conlheat being supplied by Waste products of municate with each chamber l), eight pipes in combustion, or otherwise. 'In such construceach rank or row. As herein shown the uption, however, the fluid is apt to take the per headers are independent chambers or 75 shortest course and pass from one to the other caps d, three in number, placed end to end, header of a rank or row through a portion and connecting the upper ends of two vertionly7 of the connecting pipes, permitting a cal pipes, the lower ends of which are conlarge number to remain idle, and utilizing nected with adjacent chambers b in the lower only a portion of the total heating surface of header, the pipe o of the series, at the left 8o 3o the battery, which results in a much lower deviewing Fig. l, being connected with the ingree of heat imparted to the uid than would let I, While the top of the pipe c at the right be obtained from the entire heating surface. hand end of the series is connected with the This invention has for its object the proadjacent end pipe e of the next rank by a duction ofan apparatustoovercome the above lateral connection f. It will thus be seen 85 mentioned objections,and wherein the entire that the iiuid to be heated entering at the heating surface is utilized, the construction inlet I, will pass down the end pipe c in the being so arranged that the iiuid must come direction of the arrow 10, Fig. 1, into the first in contact with such surface in its passage chamber l), thence up through pipe c' to cap through the battery v d, down the third pipe c into the second cham- 9o 4o In accordance therewith my invention con` ber h, thence up through the fourth pipe c', sists, in a fuel economizer, of an upper anda and so on to the fourth or last chamber b, lower header, each consisting of a plurality of whence it passes up the right-hand end pipe independent chambers, the chambers of the c and through lateral connections f tOth lower header being rigidly connected comend pipe e of the second rank, the two plpes 95 bined with a series of pipes connecting the entering each chamber forming an inlet and headers and opening into the chambers thereoutlet therefor. The arrangement of tllls in, to form an inlet and outlet for each chamsecond. rank is like that described of the first ber whereby the fluid to be heated traverses rank, the fluid passing up and down through the successive pipes and chambers alternately alternate pipesof the series,in thisinstance, IOS 5o in its passage through the headers, said lower however, from the right-hand end, viewing headers being supported at their ends and Fig. 1, to the left, the upper end of the last pipe e', see dotted lines Fig. 3, being laterally connected at f to the adjacent pipe g of the third rank. The fluid circulates in similar manner through every pipe and chamber alternately, throughout each rank until it reaches the end pipe /L of the last rank or row and is thence discharged into the outlet O.

While the caps d forming the upper headro ers are herein shown as independent it is obvious that they may be made as a single casting with independent chambers, if so desired.

The upper ends of the end pipes of adjacent ranks may be rigidly connected in pairs by bolts 5 extended through suitable ears 6 on the pipes, as in Fig. 3, or three or more pipes may be connected as shown in Fig. 2, as may be most convenient.

For convenience in construction, and to 2o permit free expansion, the intermediate pipes of each rank are shown as shorter than the end pipes, the upper headers being close together to economize space and give greater rigidity to the apparatus.

It is sometimes desirable to circulate a greater quantity of the fluid through the apparatus without increasing the diameter of the Vertical pipes, and in order to do this the inlet is connected with the end pipes cX and e of two adjacent rows, as in Fig. 4, the fluid passing through the series in parallel currents to the pipes cX and eX at the other end, said pipes being connected by a suitable cap dx, which is laterally connected at fX with a similar cap into which the end pipes ot' the next two ranks open. This arrangement is continued throughout the battery, the two streams or currents uniting at the tops of the end pipes of the two ranks and separating again as they enter the end pipes of the next two rows. Any number of ranks inay be so connected, according to the quantity ot' fluid to be circulated, but whatever the number the entire heating surface of the apparatus is utilized.

In order that the sediment collectingin the lower headers may be conveniently removed, I have provided them with suitable blow-off cocks m, at the lowest point in the bottom thereof, a small opening bx in the partitions ct permitting the sediment to escape from the different chambers b, said openings, however, not interfering in any way with the circulation of the fluid as herein described.

rIhe ends of the lower headers rest upon suitable masonry or other supports, as shown in Fig. l, and sustain the apparatus, which may be kept from lateral displacement by suitable braces 7c, which do not interfere with the expansion or contraction of the apparatus.

I claim- 1. In a fuel economizer, an upper and a lower header, each consisting of a plurality of independent chambers, the chambers of the lower header being rigidly connected,

combined with a series of pipes connecting the headers and opening into the chambers therein to form an inlet and outlet for each. chamber, whereby the fluid tobeheated traverses the successive pipes and chambers alternately in its passage through the headers, said lower headers being supported at their ends and sustaining the pipes and upper headers, substantially as described.

j 2. In a fuel econoinizer, an upper and a lower header, each consisting of a plurality of independent chambers, the chambers of the lower header being separated by walls forminga part thereof, combined with a series of pipes connecting the headers and opening into the chambers therein, to form an inlet and outlet for each chamber, and sediment exits in the walls separating the chambers of the lower header, substantially as described.

3. In a fuel economizer, an upper and a lower header, each consisting of a plurality of independent chambers, the chambers of the lower header being separated by walls forming a part thereof, combined with a series of pipes connecting the headers and opening into the chambers therein, the bottom of the lower header being inclined continuously from its ends to its center, a blow-off at the lowest point, and sediment exits in the separating walls of the several chambers, of the lower header, substantially as described.

4. In a fuel economizer, a series of upper and lower headers arranged 'side by side respectively, each header consisting of independent chambers, combined with a rank of pipes connecting each upper header with a lower header, and opening into the chambers therein to forin inlets and outlets therefor, the intermediate pipes of each rank being shorter than the end pipes, connections between the upper ends of the longer end pipes of a plurality of ranks, and lateral fluid passages between adjacent ranks of connected upward headers whereby the fluid is made to traverse said adjacent ranks in opposite directions, substantially as described.

5. In a fuel economizer, a series of lower headers arranged side by side and supportedat their ends, an upper header connected to each lower header by a series of pipes, the headers consisting of independent chambers into which the pipes open to form an inlet and outlet for each, combined with independent rigid connections between the upper ends ef the end pipes of a plurality of lower headers, and lateral fluid passages between adjacent ends of the upper headers, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

LOUIS J. IrlIRT.

Witnesses:

JOHN C. EDWARDS, FREDERICK L. EMERY.

IOO

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